Samuel H. Wu1*, Anna Amine1*, Kaya Ben-Efraim1*, Nicole J. Dye1*, Massiel Melian1*, Keira C. Nakamura1*, Ruhee Nemawarkar1*, Keshav Saigal1*, Harmony M. Sosa1*, Linh T. Vo1*, Baraa J. Abdelghne1, Gwendolyne K. Aguilar1, Riley E. Carolan1, Ashley N. Carter1, Daniela A. Castro-Martinez1, Melody Chang1, Melody J. Dailey1, Viraj Jansari1, Chantal A. Le1, Amy T. Nguyen1, Jessie Ong1, Olivia Roti1, Morgan R. Seibert1, Zeinab K. Zreik1, Griselda Morales2, Dave Ramirez2, Nicole Bradon2, Chloe L. Golde1,2, and Lauren A. O’Connell1,2§
1BIO161 Organismal Biology Lab, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
2Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
§Correspondence to: Lauren A. O’Connell (loconnel@stanford.edu)
* Authors have equal contribution
Abstract
Description
Methods
Reagents
Acknowledgements
Funding
Author Contributions
- Samuel H. Wu: Writing - original draft, Visualization, Investigation
- Anna Amine: Investigation, Visualization, Writing - original draft
- Kaya Ben-Efraim: Writing - original draft, Visualization, Investigation
- Nicole J. Dye: Investigation, Visualization, Writing - original draft
- Massiel Melian: Investigation, Writing - original draft, Visualization
- Keira C. Nakamura: Investigation, Visualization, Writing - original draft
- Ruhee Nemawarkar: Investigation, Visualization, Writing - original draft
- Keshav Saigal: Investigation, Visualization, Writing - original draft
- Harmony M. Sosa: Investigation, Writing - original draft, Visualization
- Linh T. Vo: Visualization, Writing - original draft, Investigation
- Baraa J. Abdelghne: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
- Gwendolyne K. Aguilar: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
- Riley E. Carolan: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
- Ashley N. Carter: Writing - review & editing, Investigation
- Daniela A. Castro-Martinez: Writing - review & editing, Investigation
- Melody Chang: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
- Melody J. Dailey: Writing - review & editing, Investigation
- Viraj Jansari: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
- Chantal A. Le: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
- Amy T. Nguyen: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
- Jessie Ong: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
- Olivia Roti: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
- Morgan R. Seibert: Investigation, Writing - review & editing
- Zeinab K. Zreik: Writing - review & editing, Investigation
- Griselda Morales: Methodology, Validation, Writing - review & editing
- Dave Ramirez: Methodology, Resources, Writing - review & editing
- Nicole Bradon: Data curation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing - review & editing, Validation
- Chloe L. Golde: Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing - review & editing
- Lauren A. O’Connell: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing
Reviewed By
Anonymous, Elizabeth Glater
Nomenclature Validated By
Anonymous
Database Reference ID: WBPaper00069213
History
- Received: 1/12/2026
- Revision Received: 2/21/2026
- Accepted: 3/6/2026
- Published Online: 3/7/2026
Copyright
© 2026 by the authors. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation
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