µP

microPublication Biology

Ping An1ORCID logo, Meredith Barbieri1ORCID logo, Dawn C. Bisi1ORCID logo, Kristen Butela1ORCID logo, Aimee H. Danley1ORCID logo, Christina Grogan1ORCID logo, Ben Hilldorfer1ORCID logo, Bhaswati Manish2ORCID logo, Kevin K. McDade1ORCID logo, Eliza J. Neumann1ORCID logo, Aparna Nigam1ORCID logo, Rachelle Patterson1ORCID logo, Ananya Saini1ORCID logo, Samantha Walker1ORCID logo, Otto G. Williams1ORCID logo, and Marcie H. Warner1§ORCID logo

1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States

2Department of Math and Natural Sciences, Metropolitan Community College, Omaha, Nebraska, United States

§Correspondence to: Marcie H. Warner (mwarner1@pitt.edu)

Abstract

Description

Acknowledgements

Funding

Author Contributions

  • Ping An: Investigation, Data curation, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Project administration, Resources, Supervision
  • Meredith Barbieri: Investigation, Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Dawn C. Bisi: Investigation, Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Kristen Butela: Investigation, Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Aimee H. Danley: Investigation, Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Christina Grogan: Investigation, Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Ben Hilldorfer: Investigation, Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Bhaswati Manish: Investigation, Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Kevin K. McDade: Investigation, Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Eliza J. Neumann: Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing
  • Aparna Nigam: Investigation, Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Rachelle Patterson: Investigation, Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis
  • Ananya Saini: Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing
  • Samantha Walker: Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing
  • Otto G. Williams: Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing
  • Marcie H. Warner: Conceptualization, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Formal analysis, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation

Reviewed By

Anonymous, Randall DeJong

History

  • Received: 10/22/2025
  • Revision Received: 12/17/2025
  • Accepted: 1/14/2026
  • Published Online: 1/16/2026

References

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Copyright

© 2026 by the authors. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Citation

microPublication Biology is published by

1200 E. California Blvd. MC 1-43 Pasadena, CA 91125

The microPublication project is supported by

The National Institute of Health -- Grant #: 1U01LM012672-01

microPublication Biology:ISSN: 2578-9430